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Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is prepared by a step-by-step addition reaction between ethylene oxide and water or ethylene glycol as raw materials, mainly derived from petroleum products. PEG is a polymer of ethylene oxide and water, it is a white waxy solid in flake or powder form, odorless or with a faint odor.
Polyethylene glycol 400 has an appearance of colorless or almost colorless viscous liquid; it has a slight characteristic odor. It is soluble in water or ethanol, but insoluble in ether.
Polyethylene glycol 6000 is a white waxy solid flake or granular powder; it has a distinct odor. This product is easily soluble in water or ethanol, but not soluble in ether.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be used as a medium for organic synthesis and as a high-temperature carrier with specific requirements. In the daily chemical industry, it is used as a humectant, an inorganic salt solubilizer, and a viscosity regulator. Specifically:
(1) Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be used as an insoluble carrier for deodorants and fragrance enhancers, a neutral binder for perfume essences, an evaporation retarder for nail polish remover, and a solvent for cosmetic formulations (such as lip balm). As a non-toxic and pollution-free additive, PEG is used to adjust the consistency of toothpaste formulations for long-term storage. PEG can also be used as a thickener for shampoos, cleansers, shaving creams, and depilatories.
(2) PEG can be used as a non-oily lubricant and softener/anti-static agent in pre- and post-shave lotions and sprays.
(3) In the soap industry, PEG (polyethylene glycol) can be used as a supporting auxiliary agent as an emulsifying agent, plasticity promoter, and shape former. Additionally, using PEG can preserve the fragrance of soap and prevent it from cracking and breaking.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is non-toxic and non-irritating, with good water solubility and good compatibility with many organic components. They have excellent lubricity, moisturizing, dispersing, adhesive, anti-static, and softening properties, and are widely used in various industries such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, chemical fiber, rubber, plastics, paper, paint, electroplating, pesticides, metal processing, and food processing.