Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-07-05 Origin: Site
The types of surfactants used for washing are anionic, non-ionic, and amphoteric, which are generally used in combination with the above types of surfactants.
The main ingredient of detergent. Amphiphilic molecules with both lipophilic (hydrophobic) and hydrophilic (oleophobic) parts on the chemical structure can be adsorbed on the two-phase interface, and the surface tension of the solution is reduced in a single molecular arrangement, which is called surface (boundary) surface activity, and surface active substances are called surface (boundary) surfactants.
The surfactants used in washing products are the most important anionic type. Among them, linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) is the largest, followed by fatty alcohol sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, alkyl sulfonate and so on. Soap is the oldest anionic surfactant and is still an important washing product. In recent years, the amount of nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether has increased greatly.
In principle, any substance that can reduce the external tension has an external activity. Surfactants are substances that can significantly reduce the surface tension and liquid-liquid interfacial tension of solvents (usually water), and have certain structure, hydrophilic lipophilic properties and special adsorption functions. Surfactants have hydrophilic lipophilic characteristics, easy to adsorb, oriented to the surface of the material (interface), and show a series of functions such as reducing the surface (interface) tension, immersion, moisture, emulsification, dispersion, solubilization, foaming, defoaming, washing, sterilization, smooth, soft, water repellent, antistatic, anti-corrosion, anti-rust and so on.
Surfactants are widely used, touching all aspects. From synthetic detergent, cosmetics, food industry, even textile industry, leather industry, rubber, plastic industry, civil construction industry, paint, ink industry, metal processing industry, petroleum, fuel industry, mining, coal industry, paper industry, agriculture and forestry as well as medical health, environmental protection and other parts are widely used surfactants, To improve the production process, improve product quality, add output value, reduce consumption, save energy, increase production power and improve production environment.
Non-ionic surfactants are mostly liquid or slurry substances, and their solubility in water decreases with increasing temperature. Non-ionic surfactants have good properties of washing, dispersing, emulsifying, solubilizing, wetting, foaming, antistatic, sterilization and protection of colloids, and are widely used in textile industry, paper industry, food industry, cosmetics industry, washing industry, rubber industry, plastic industry, coating industry, pharmaceutical industry, pesticide industry, chemistry
Fertilizer industry, metal processing industry, mining, building materials and environmental protection.
Non-ionic surfactants are classified into three categories according to hydrophilic groups: polyethylene glycol type, fatty alcohol amide type and polyol type.