The broad concept of penetrant refers to a class of chemicals that can help substances that need to penetrate to penetrate substances that need to be penetrated. In industry, surfactants (which can be anionic or nonionic) or organic or inorganic solvents are generally used. Penetrants are generally divided into two categories: nonionic and anionic. Non-ionic ones include JFC, JFC-1, JFC-2, JFC-E, etc.; anionic ones include fast penetrant T, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70, alkali-resistant penetrant AEP, high-temperature penetrant JFC-M, etc.
① Classified by application process.
Penetrant for pretreatment (including: penetrant for desizing, penetrant for scouring, penetrant for bleaching, penetrant for mercerizing, penetrant for wool carbonization, etc.), penetrant for dyeing, penetrant for printing, penetrant for finishing, etc.
② Classified according to the pH range of the application.
Strong base-resistant penetrant, weak base-resistant penetrant, near-neutral penetrant, weak-acid penetrant, strong acid-resistant penetrant, etc.
③ Classified by ion type.
Nonionic penetrants, anionic penetrants, compound penetrants, etc. Amphoteric and cationic penetrants are rarely used.
④ Classified according to the variety of raw materials.
Sulfated castor oil, sodium alkyl sulfonate, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate, sodium secondary alkyl sulfate, sodium a-alkenyl sulfonate, sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, sodium alkyl succinate sulfonate, pancreatic bleach T, sodium sulfamate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, polyether, phosphate compounds, and alcohol compounds, ketones, ethers, etc.