With the development of concrete technology, the requirements for polycarboxylate superplasticizers are more refined, not limited to the basic performance advantages such as water reduction rate and moisture retention. Since the polymerization of polycarboxylate superplasticizer is designable, polycarboxylate water reducing agent with special functions can be prepared according to specific engineering requirements, such as slow release type, early strength type, anti-shrinkage type and low bleed type. , low viscosity type, etc. The main steric hindrance group of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is the longer polyoxyethylene side chain. The nature of the water-soluble nonionic polyoxyethylene soft segment allows its conformation in aqueous solution to vary. The conformational state of the side chain has a great influence on the water reducing agent.